Recording legend began quite early. Thus, in the house of Abu Hurayrah - companion of Muhammad and one of the earliest muhaddith Sunni - kept many notebooks with a hadith from the words of the prophet. Ranneshiitskaya historical literature begins with the end of the I / of the first quarter VIII., When there tends proalidskuyu containing collections of hadith, commentaries on the Koran, historical monographs on selected events in the history of alidskogo movement, historical and biographical works. By the end of I / VII century. in the caliphate formed numerous "alidskaya" layer, bypassed the political privileges and has not received the place in the social hierarchy, in which she claimed, referring to the "closeness" of Salih b. Abi Talib, the Prophet, the "prophetic legitimism." Is the formation of political proalidskoy olpozitsii among different ethnic and social backgrounds of the Caliphate, the sum: alidskaya interpretation of the history of the Muslim community. It is expressed in a different perception and interpretation of events in the history of Muslim communities in the assessment figures of Islam, in the justification of political claims to the sovereignty of a member of Ali. The basis of interpretation of the history of Islam alidskoy lay the idea that Alids were forcibly removed from the leadership of the community, because of what happen all the ills in society that justice will be restored with the return of sovereignty to a sort of 'Ali. In the early Muslim historiography of all this is reflected in the selection of material, covering the facts and their assessment, even the amount of information reported about a particular event, as a manifestation of political trends. Formation of the differences in political ideology of the caliphate and views about the history of the Muslim community led to the development of special areas in the Muslim historiography, which we call the Shia.